Recently, Sridhar Vembu, a staunch advocate for self-reliance in technology (particularly in IT and Artificial Intelligence), as well as the promoter and former CEO of the globally renowned software company ‘Zoho’, has sparked a new debate both within India and across the world. He did so by writing an open letter to Indians residing in the United States, appealing to them to return home and contribute to the task of building India’s future. The central premise of his appeal is that India’s standing in the world depends upon its technological advancement. For a long time, India has been exporting its talent to the rest of the world—a phenomenon commonly referred to as the “brain drain.” During that period, India lagged behind in the creation of world-class technology. Today, however, India possesses the capability to forge ahead in the development of world-class technology. Yet, the primary prerequisite for achieving this expeditiously is that those Indians currently settled abroad—who had originally left the country due to a lack of opportunities—must return home.
Prominent figures have, on numerous occasions in the past, appealed to Indians to return home; however, none of these appeals sparked a debate as intense as the one triggered by Sridhar Vembu’s recent call. The reason for this lies in the fact that US President Donald Trump has been making various disparaging remarks regarding people of Indian origin. For quite some time now, he has consistently asserted that employment opportunities for Americans are diminishing due to the presence of foreigners. He has repeatedly argued that companies utilise the provisions of the H-1B visa to import cheap labour from abroad, thereby displacing American workers. Consequently, he has tightened H-1B visa regulations and initiated rigorous scrutiny of foreign workers. It is noteworthy that the vast majority of Indians working in the United States, primarily in the software and technology sectors, do so through the H-1B visa program, a mechanism through which both American and Indian companies provide employment to Indian nationals.
Interestingly, President Trump has previously been an admirer of the Indian people and the Indian leadership. In the past, he has consistently stated that India is a great friend and a strategic partner. At events such as ‘Howdy Modi,’ he heaped lavish praise upon Indian-Americans, describing them as incredible, noting their immense contribution to the American economy. However, he recently used derogatory language regarding the Indian people and India on his social media platform, ‘Truth Social’—remarks that India’s Ministry of External Affairs characterised as uninformed, inappropriate and in poor taste. This statement by President Trump, his post, shared on his Truth Social platform, was part of a broader, highly controversial commentary on US birthright citizenship by radio host Michael Savage. Nevertheless, following this incident, the US administration clarified that President Trump regards India as a great nation and considers its leadership to be a close friend. Prior to this, President Trump had also caused diplomatic friction by imposing heavy tariffs on nearly all of the USA’s trading partners—including India—though the U.S. Supreme Court has since ruled to overturn the majority of those tariffs.
In the current context, Sridhar Vembu’s appeal to Indians to return home and contribute to their country’s technological advancement holds particular significance for two key reasons. First, the shifting geopolitical landscape, specifically the statements and actions of the U.S. administration, and President Trump in particular, has cast a shadow of uncertainty over the future of Indians residing in the United States. Second, India is not only poised for technological advancement but is also witnessing a steady expansion of its potential in this domain. There was a time when India lagged significantly behind in terms of technology; during that era, graduates from our premier educational institutions—such as the IITs, medical colleges, and engineering schools, along with management experts, scientists, and professionals, were unable to secure employment commensurate with their talents due to the prevailing adverse conditions within India.
Consequently, our brightest young minds turned their gaze toward foreign shores. These young individuals subsequently played a pivotal role in the nation-building and development of those host countries. It is noteworthy that people of Indian origin constitute only 1.5 per cent of the US population; of these, two-thirds are immigrants, while one-third are native-born. However, a remarkable fact is that—owing to their diligence, education, and capabilities—they earn several times more than the average American and contribute 6 per cent to the U.S. national revenue. The US government derives $300 billion in revenue from people of Indian origin. Compared to various other demographic groups, the Indian-origin community represents the highest-earning segment of the population. Indians maintain a strong presence in America’s most lucrative sectors, such as technology, healthcare, and finance. They possess exceptionally high levels of education and professional expertise; furthermore, they play a pivotal role in the realms of entrepreneurship and business ownership. Indeed, the Chief Executive Officers (CEOs) of numerous major corporations are of Indian origin. The amount of money people of Indian origin contribute in taxes far exceeds the benefits they receive in return through social security and other government welfare programs.
However, some people in India have not received this appeal very positively, and they are criticising Sridhar Vembu. At the same time, however, many others are supporting him. It is evident that for people of Indian origin who have been living in the US, for one or more generations, packing up their belongings and returning to India is no easy task—even if they love India and believe in its growth story. There are many who believe that the environment, infrastructure, standard of living, and opportunities for employment and business are far superior in the US compared to India. Some have even moved to the US specifically for the purpose of their children’s education. Consequently, Sridhar Vembu’s appeal may have only a very limited impact on their decision to remain in the US, but this appeal might shake their mind.
Nevertheless, there are also many who left India in pursuit of better education and, subsequently, a good job; yet, they are now facing adverse treatment from the US administration—particularly regarding visa-related uncertainties & rejections, and other restrictions. There are many who see opportunities in India—driven by its thriving start-up ecosystem and business prospects, as well as the country’s progress in innovation, technological advancement, and rapidly improving infrastructure. There are also many who harbour a sense of patriotism toward their motherland; they have begun to contemplate a return—and, indeed, some are already making their way back to India. Furthermore, there are many who are already maintaining strong ties with India—contributing to technological development, investing in businesses and start-ups, and preserving their close connections with the country.
It appears that while this transformation may not occur overnight, sooner or later, people of Indian origin, including Green Card holders, US passport holders, and Indian passport-holding NRIs, may find themselves drawn back toward India. The reasons behind this could include a sense of patriotism, better opportunities for development, robust infrastructure, and ease of living. However, we must understand that this is a highly opportune moment for ‘brain gain’ opposed to ‘brain drain’ scenarios of the past.
