Mahakumbh 2025 is making history not just as the world’s largest spiritual gathering but also as a testament to women’s growing participation in religious and social spheres. With over 55 crore attendees, increased women participation is marking an unprecedented shift in gender representation at the event.
A research team from Govind Ballabh Pant Social Science Institute, led by Professor Badri Narayan and Associate Professor Dr Archana Singh, is analysing this social transformation. The team members are present at various entry points and bathing ghats of Mahakumbh, trying to understand the behaviour and thinking of the population coming to the event by talking to them about various aspects.
Their preliminary findings indicate a significant rise in female participation, with over 40 per cent of the attendees being women, especially from urban areas. A notable increase has been observed among women aged 18-35, highlighting changing social dynamics.
One of the most striking trends is the rise of women-only groups visiting the Mahakumbh without male companions. According to Dr Archana Singh, this reflects greater access to education, a sense of security, and evolving societal norms. Unlike in the past, where women’s religious involvement was mostly confined to household rituals, they are now actively engaging in spiritual exploration on a larger scale.
The secure environment in Uttar Pradesh has also contributed to this shift, encouraging women to travel independently and participate more freely. This newfound confidence and freedom are not only reshaping women’s role in religious traditions but also reinforcing their place in the broader social and cultural landscape.
The 17-member research team studying Mahakumbh 2025 has found that religious and social institutions have also changed their perspective.
According to Dr Neha Rai, Senior Fellow of the research team, Akhadas and religious leaders are now showing a more open and accepting attitude toward women. This has led to greater respect and inclusion for female devotees, increasing their interest in understanding Sanatan Dharma.
Dr Preeti Yadav, another researcher in the team, shared that many women actively asked questions and engaged in discussions with saints and religious leaders at the Akhadas. This exchange of thoughts helps both women and spiritual leaders expand the reach of Sanatan Dharma.
