India is preparing to launch discussions with Russia on the possible acquisition of next-generation Su-57 fighter jets and the advanced S-500 air defence system during President Vladimir Putin’s scheduled visit this week, according to media reports, citing individuals aware of the planning. Despite sustained diplomatic pressure from Washington, New Delhi and Moscow continue to uphold their “Special and Privileged Strategic Partnership,” and officials on both sides are expected to examine avenues to further strengthen military ties. Sources indicated that conversations will cover the Su-57 platform as well as a modernised S-500 system, though major defence contracts are unlikely to be concluded during the visit.
Prime Minister Narendra Modi has consistently maintained India’s long-standing defence relationship with Russia, even as New Delhi has broadened its strategic cooperation with the United States. While India has diversified its defence imports, boosting purchases from American and European manufacturers, Russia remains its principal defence supplier. According to data from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI), Russia remained India’s largest provider of military hardware during the four years leading up to 2024, even though New Delhi’s overall procurement from Moscow registered a decline.
India currently operates more than 200 Russian-origin combat aircraft and multiple S-400 air defence systems, some of which were activated during heightened tensions with Pakistan in May. With the Indian Air Force experiencing a significant shortfall in fighter squadrons, senior military officials have pressed the government to assess next-generation Russian platforms. Sources also noted that Indian pilots would face minimal transition challenges with the Su-57 because of their extensive experience with Russian aircraft. Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), the state-run aerospace major, is considered well-positioned to provide maintenance and lifecycle support if India proceeds with the acquisition. The Su-57’s long-range missile options are also seen as a major boost to India’s beyond-visual-range engagement capabilities.
In a related development, New Delhi will also seek updates on pending S-400 deliveries and the broader roadmap for defence cooperation during the Modi-Putin talks. Defence Secretary Rajesh Kumar Singh said the upcoming engagement will prioritise overall defence collaboration rather than headline-making announcements. Singh stated that while additional S-400 systems remain a possibility, the current visit is not expected to result in large new contracts. He added that Russia has reaffirmed its commitment to complete the remaining S-400 deliveries in the 2026–27 financial year. New Delhi is also expected to urge Moscow to expedite long-delayed programmes, including the upgrade of Su-30 fighters and other joint development projects.
Although no major military agreements are anticipated this week, defence cooperation will continue to form the backbone of India-Russia relations. Singh reiterated that India will maintain balanced defence engagements with both Russia and the United States. Economic issues will also feature prominently in the agenda. A major India-Russia Business Forum is scheduled for December 4–5in New Delhi, coinciding with Putin’s visit, as both countries work towards raising bilateral trade to USD 100 billion by 2030.
