Tirunelveli: A brutal attack on a 17-year-old Dalit boy in Tirunelveli has once again underscored the deep-rooted caste conflicts and discrimination prevalent in the region, sparking protests and bringing attention to ongoing tensions. On November 4, a gang reportedly from a dominant caste barged into the teenager’s home in Melapattam, attacking him with sickles and a beer bottle, before vandalizing the house. This incident has horrified the local community and raised questions about the state of caste-based violence in Tirunelveli, where such occurrences have been alarmingly frequent.
The attack happened when the boy, a second-year polytechnic student, confronted a group of men driving rashly in his neighborhood. The men initially drove dangerously close to him, and an exchange followed where the teenager expressed his anger over their reckless driving. A passerby reportedly intervened, de-escalating the situation, but the gang later returned with reinforcements. Finding the boy alone at home, as his parents and elder brother were away, they launched a vicious assault, leaving him severely injured.
பட்டியலின சிறுவன் மீது தாக்குதல்-4 பேரிடம் விசாரணை#Nellai | #Tirunelveli | #TNPolice pic.twitter.com/2cQlCTD4pM
— PttvOnlinenews (@PttvNewsX) November 5, 2024
Following the attack, the boy was admitted to a hospital in Tirunelveli, where he is receiving treatment for his injuries. The Palayamkottai police promptly arrested three individuals — Thirumalai Kozhudupuram Muthukumar, Lakshmanan, and Thanga Issaki — under the Prevention of Atrocities Act. Police also assured the public that a search is underway for other suspects involved in the assault.
The victim’s mother, Suganthi, expressed disbelief and anguish at the assault, stating, “We had no prior enmity with anyone, and if a 17-year-old has to be hacked over a trivial issue, where is the safety for Dalit people like us?” Local relatives and residents took to the streets in protest, demanding immediate and strict action against all perpetrators. Police officials have held talks with the protesters, assuring them of swift and fair investigation.
In a shocking incident, similar to #Nanguneri #CasteAtrocity, a 17-year-old Scheduled Caste boy was brutally attacked by a dominant-caste gang inside his house in Melapattam village near Tirunelveli. Assailants allegedly smashed beer bottle on his head and hacked him. They also… https://t.co/UUCPBjEfV4 pic.twitter.com/NAQfNDBkHV
— Thinakaran Rajamani (@thinak_) November 5, 2024
Ongoing Caste-Related Violence and Tensions in Tirunelveli
The Tirunelveli district has been frequently marred by caste conflicts, especially in educational settings where student altercations often escalate to violence. Incidents range from physical confrontations to students carrying weapons, which has led to multiple suspensions and expulsions. The continuing violence highlights not only the deep-seated caste issues but also the challenges faced by the Tamil Nadu government in managing these divisions in the district.
In response to this long-standing problem, the Tamil Nadu government formed a commission led by retired High Court Judge K. Chandru to investigate and provide recommendations to curb caste conflicts in schools. Known for his Marxist leanings, Justice Chandru submitted a comprehensive 610-page report in June 2024, containing several recommendations aimed at addressing caste-based pride and divisive behavior. However, his recommendations sparked controversy for being selectively restrictive toward Hindu practices, such as prohibiting students from wearing colored wristbands, rings, or forehead marks that might indicate caste affiliation, as well as the use of caste names in schools.
One of the more debated recommendations, Point 8B, proposes that students should not display any caste-related identifiers, including wristbands, rings, and forehead marks, nor should they paint bicycles with caste symbols. Chandru’s report states that such regulations aim to prevent divisive caste pride, but the recommendations stop short of restricting Islamic and Christian identifiers, such as hijabs, burqas, or rosaries. This perceived selective approach has prompted backlash from BJP and Hindu Munnani, who argue that the measures unfairly target Hindu cultural expressions while ignoring similar displays in other religions.
Violence in Schools: An Alarming Trend
The wave of caste-related violence has not been limited to isolated incidents like the recent brutal assault. Over the past year, several schools across Tirunelveli have reported cases of clashes between students rooted in caste issues, often escalating into physical confrontations involving weapons.
In one recent incident, a student at a government-aided school in the Sripuram area was dismissed after bringing a sickle, two knives, and an iron rod to school, prompting the suspension of three other students involved in the clash. In another altercation on July 30, two students from the Government Model Higher Secondary School in Valliyoor suffered head injuries after a fight erupted over derogatory caste remarks written on a toilet wall.
Such instances are not new to the district. Last year, Chinnadurai and his sister Chandraselvi, Dalit students at a government-aided school in Nanguneri, were reportedly hacked by six students from a dominant caste after they raised concerns about caste-based discrimination. Further, in late 2023, a violent brawl between students at Periyar Government Higher Secondary School in Cheranmahadevi saw a student stabbed after a disagreement with students from a neighboring private polytechnic college, once again illustrating the persistence of caste-based divisions in the region.
Most recently, on July 1, 2024, a clash broke out among 12th-grade students at Rosalind Chelliah Government Higher Secondary School in Maruthakulam village, Nanguneri, due to caste-related pride issues. This incident marked the fifth such altercation in a government school since the academic year began, emphasizing the ongoing and serious nature of the issue.
State Government’s Efforts to Curb Caste-Based Violence
To address the troubling frequency of these caste-related incidents, the Tamil Nadu government has taken steps toward institutional reforms. The report from Justice Chandru, though met with criticism, is part of a broader initiative aimed at reducing caste-based discrimination. The report calls for a systemic approach, beginning with schools, to change attitudes toward caste and mitigate conflicts among students from different backgrounds.
However, community responses to these measures remain divided. While some support the government’s efforts to tackle casteism, others criticise the recommendations as restrictive and imbalanced. Activists argue that the regulations are necessary to create a safe, inclusive environment, while opponents believe they disproportionately affect Hindu cultural practices and ignore other religious identifiers, leading to accusations of selective secularism.
The persistence of caste-based violence, including the brutal attacks on Dalit youth like the recent assault on the 17-year-old in Melapattam, serves as a stark reminder of the challenges facing Tamil Nadu’s model of social justice. Local leaders and social activists are calling for a more comprehensive and equitable approach to tackling caste-based violence, one that addresses all aspects of identity without singling out specific communities.
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