Buddha Purnima celebrates the birth anniversary of Gautama Buddha, whose teachings laid the foundation of Buddhism. After deep meditation seeking answers about life’s purpose and suffering, Siddhartha Gautama attained enlightenment under the Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya and was thereafter called Gautama Buddha. The Buddha is regarded as Lord Vishnu’s ninth avatar in Hinduism, who came to teach humanity nonviolence and justice. Interestingly, both Hinduism and Buddhism share the concept of “dharma” and “dhamma” with deep-rooted connections.
In the 6th Dharma Dhamma International Conference, organised by India Foundation in 2021, the then Vice President of India, Shri M Venkaiah Naidu said: “The Dharma-Dhamma traditions of Hinduism and Buddhism together with other religious persuasions have distinctly holistic and inclusive responses to the challenges of the emerging world order. If one reads, understands and implements the teachings of Hinduism and Buddhism, one can certainly attain a peaceful state in his inner and outer world. The universal principles of peaceful co-existence, cooperation, mutual care and sharing, non-violence, friendliness, compassion, peace, truth, honesty, selflessness and sacrifice have been an integral part of dharmic ethical exhortations. They have been articulated by our Rishis, Munis, monks, sages and seers, time and again.”
The fundamental teachings and ideals stem from a shared intellectual background that emphasises the ultimate pursuit of spiritual liberation, the moral significance of deeds, and the interdependence of all things. Out of many parallels between Dharma (Hinduism) and Dhamma (Buddhism), the first is the etymological origin.
The origin of both words is “dhṛ,” which in Sanskrit means “to hold,” “to maintain,” or “to keep.” Maintaining the ordered structure and principles of the universe is the essence of what is meant to be understood by the terms Dharma (Sanskrit) and Dhamma (Pali). Dharma/Dhamma refers to the moral and ethical precepts that govern human behaviour. It encompasses the proper method of living, as well as obligations, rights, laws, behaviour, and virtues.
Dharma or Dhamma is seen in both traditions as a means of achieving emancipation or spiritual freedom. In Hinduism, living according to one’s Dharma results in karma, or deeds, which impact one’s journey through rebirth and can eventually lead to moksha. Adhering to the Eightfold Direction results in Nirvana (escape from the process of rebirth) and the end of suffering as enunciated in the practice of the Dhamma.
Dharma comprises social obligations and responsibilities that uphold interpersonal connections and societal systems. As part of the group practice for a harmonious society, the Dhamma incorporates morality and communal harmony. Both ideas highlight responsibility and righteousness as essential to the human experience. The preservation of social cohesiveness and order is greatly aided by both.
With their origins in the Indian subcontinent, improving these religious bonds is important from the cultural & spiritual standpoints among others. Strengthening the bond encourages a better comprehension and admiration of this common history, advancing respect and cultural cohesion among many populations.
Scholars and practitioners can better understand the coalescence of concepts and ideals that have influenced both traditions by acknowledging and strengthening this connection. Enhancing philosophical interactions can be extremely beneficial on many levels, such as encouraging responsible conduct, addressing current challenges, creating global understanding, and improving social development. Here are some suggestions which can strengthen the Dharma-Dhamma Concept.
Interfaith and intercultural conversations should be organized and similar global gatherings should be arranged in the form of conferences, seminars, and workshops. Academics, spiritual guides, and practitioners of international repute should be invited from all backgrounds to engage in dialogue and explore the shared common principles. Communication within the community and between various religious groups should be encouraged to build goodwill and understanding between them.
Educational Programs
To emphasise the importance of ethical life and global citizenship the Dharma and Dhamma teachings should be incorporated into the curriculum of all educational institutions. Emphasized should be placed on providing online lectures, courses, and materials for global accessibility.
Scholarly Research and Writing
Promotion of research that compares the ideas of Buddhism and Hinduism and how they apply to contemporary issues including governance, ethics, and the law. By encouraging scholarly publications and journals that investigate the connections between Dharma and Dhamma and their relevance to modern society.
Real-World Applications in Society Ethical Leadership Programs
Such courses should be designed that educate leaders in the public and private sectors on the application of these religious concepts in their decision-making. Social and environmental challenges should be addressed while practising sustainable living practices.
Global Outreach and Advocacy
Through media channels common ideals of both religions should be propagated to engage in cultural diplomacy to advance international understanding, collaboration, and peace.
Non-Violence, Compassion and Dialogue Facilitation
Promotion of ‘ahimsa’ (non-violence) and ‘karuna’ (compassion), which are essential elements of Dharma and Dhamma, in programs aimed at resolving conflicts and promoting peace. Promoting harmony and reconciliation by facilitating talks between disputing parties based on this principle.
In these lines Promoting the ideas of Dharma and Dhamma based on common values requires a multifaceted strategy that includes worldwide advocacy, practical application, discourse, education, and implementation. In such a way focusing on shared ethical values like compassion, non-violence, and sustainable living, these initiatives will create a world that is more progressing and peaceful. The successful continuation of these age-old wisdom practices into the future will depend on cooperative efforts spanning numerous industries and communities.
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