English words of Sanskrit origin-II

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Cot, is a mall bed that comes from Hindi khat ?a couch, hammock?, ultimately from Sanskrit khatva?.

Cowrie comes from Hindi and Urdu kauri, from Marathi kavadi, from Sanskrit kaparda, perhaps related to Tamil kotu ?shell?.

Crimson is deep red colour. It comes from old Spanish cremesin, via Middle Latin from Arabic qirmiz ?a kermes? which is ultimately from Sanskrit krmi-ja (produced by a worm) The insects were gathered commercially in Mediterranean countries and sold throughout Europe. Kermes dyes have been found in buraial wrappings in Anglo – Scandinavian York. It fell out of use with the introduction of more efficient cochineal dyes.

Gunny arises from Anglo-Indian goney, coarse fabric, from Hindi goni, from Sanskrit goni, sack.

Jackal origin traces from the figurative sense of ?skulking henchman? that bore the old belief that jackals stirred up game for lions. It is traced from Turkish cakal, from Persian shagal, from Sanskrit srgala-s with the literary meaning, ?the howler?.

Jaggery, Portuguese dialect bears j?gara, probably from Malayalam ?arkkara, from Sanskrit ?arkkar?, sugar, grit.

Juggernaut, owes its origin to the humongous chariot of Lord Juggannath taken out annually amidst all fanfare where the diehard devotees vouch (apocryphally) to be crushed under the wheels of the chariot. Interestingly the first European description of this festival dates back to 1321 AD by Friar Odoric. Hence the word has come to mean something that warrants blind devotion to the extent merciless sacrifice (self-annihilation). Jagannath, incarnation of Lord Vishnu comes from Sanskrit jagat, world and natha, lord or master.

(To be concluded)

(Compiled by RB)

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