Flag Hoisting vs. Unfurling: Understanding India’s patriotic traditions

The national flag is a powerful symbol of a country’s identity, pride, and sovereignty. In India, the tricolor evokes deep patriotic feelings and is an integral part of national celebrations, especially on Independence Day and Republic Day. However, many people remain unaware of the nuanced differences between the two terms often associated with the Indian flag: Flag Hoisting and Unfurling of the Flag. These terms are not interchangeable and have distinct meanings, ceremonies, and contexts in India.

Flag Hoisting: A Symbol of Independence

Flag hoisting refers to the ceremonial act of raising the national flag on a pole, symbolizing the nation’s independence and self-governance. In India, this is most prominently seen during the celebrations of Independence Day, observed on August 15 each year.

The Context of Independence Day

On Independence Day, the Prime Minister of India hoists the national flag from the ramparts of the historic Red Fort in Delhi. This act represents the culmination of India’s struggle for independence from colonial rule in 1947. The flag is raised from the bottom of the pole to the top, symbolising the nation’s rise to freedom.

● Historical Significance: The tradition of flag hoisting on Independence Day began in 1947, when India gained sovereignty. The act signifies the victory of the freedom movement and the emergence of India as a free nation.

● Key Ceremony: During the hoisting ceremony, the flag is tied to the base of the pole and raised upward while the national anthem, “Jana Gana Mana,” is played. Flower petals often shower from the folded flag as it unfurls in the air, enhancing the moment’s grandeur.

The Procedure

• The flag is attached to a rope and tied at the base of the flagpole.
• It is then raised to the top of the pole by the dignitary (e.g., the Prime Minister).
• As the flag reaches the top, it is unfurled, symbolizing the country’s freedom and pride.

Unfurling of the Flag: Celebrating the Republic

Unfurling of the flag, on the other hand, occurs during the Republic Day celebrations on January 26. Unlike flag hoisting, where the flag is raised from the bottom, unfurling involves the flag already being placed at the top of the pole, folded and secured. It is then ceremoniously unfurled by pulling a string.

The Context of Republic Day

Republic Day commemorates the adoption of the Indian Constitution in 1950, marking the country’s transition to a republic. On this day, the President of India, who is the ceremonial head of state, unfurls the national flag at the Kartavya Path (formerly Rajpath) in New Delhi.

● Significance: Republic Day emphasizes the establishment of India’s democratic framework and legal sovereignty rather than the struggle for independence. The unfurling of the flag symbolises the authority of the Constitution and the enduring spirit of democracy.

● Key Ceremony: The President unfurls the flag as part of a larger ceremony that includes a grand parade showcasing India’s cultural diversity, military might, and achievements in various fields.

The Procedure

• The flag is tied and folded at the top of the pole.
• It is secured in a manner that allows it to unfold when the string is pulled.
• The President pulls the string to unfurl the flag, after which it waves freely.
• The national anthem is played, and the event proceeds with other ceremonial activities.

Key Differences Between Flag Hoisting and Unfurling

Why the Distinction Matters

Understanding the difference between flag hoisting and unfurling is crucial to appreciating the distinct historical and cultural significance of Independence Day and Republic Day. While both occasions celebrate the nation’s achievements and sovereignty, they do so in unique ways that reflect different aspects of India’s journey as a nation.

● Independence Day focuses on liberation from British rule, with the act of hoisting symbolizing the rise of a free India.

● Republic Day celebrates the establishment of a democratic republic, with the unfurling of the flag representing the Constitution’s authority and the unity of the nation.

In addition to the central ceremonies in New Delhi, both flag hoisting and unfurling are performed in various states and union territories. Governors hoist the flag on Independence Day, while chief ministers perform the same in their respective states. On Republic Day, the same dignitaries unfurl the flag, maintaining the distinction between the two terms.

Public Participation and Protocols

In India, every citizen has the right to hoist the national flag, subject to the Flag Code of India, which prescribes guidelines for its proper use and display. It is important to adhere to these protocols to show respect for the flag and what it represents.

When hoisting the national flag, it must be done with utmost solemnity and proper respect, ensuring that the flag never touches the ground or trails in water. Additionally, the saffron band must always be positioned at the top as a mark of honor and adherence to protocol.

Similarly, during the unfurling ceremony, the flag should be unfolded ceremoniously, emphasizing dignity and reverence. It is crucial to ensure that the flag is not displayed in a damaged or untidy state, maintaining its sanctity. Throughout the ceremony, proper respect must be upheld to honor the national symbol appropriately.

The Flag Hoisting and Unfurling of the Flag are two distinct acts, each rich with its own significance and protocol. While the former commemorates the nation’s hard-fought independence, the latter celebrates the establishment of a democratic and constitutional republic. Both are vital elements of India’s national identity, uniting citizens in pride and patriotism.